This volume was prepared by the Department of Geography of the Institute for the History of Natural Science and Technology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and is based on a synthesis of materials published in the abstract journal Geography, with primary emphasis on the years 1962-1964. As the first review in the Scientific Surveys series devoted to the question of Soviet economic regionalization, it also incorporates a number of important works published during 1960-1961, as well as selected contributions from 1964. In recent years, attention to the problems of economic regionalization has steadily increased. This development has been driven by the growing importance of territorial principles in the management of the national economy and by the practical need for a deeper understanding of large economic regions and their constituent parts. A considerable body of literature has emerged dealing with both general methodological issues of regionalization and specific questions, such as studies of internal regional subdivisions related to economic regionalization, the relationships among different types of regionalization, and their connections with regional planning. For geography in particular, the relationship between physical-geographical regionalization and economic regionalization is of special significance. This volume addresses the topic in part, while a more detailed treatment is planned in a forthcoming Scientific Surveys issue devoted specifically to physical-geographical regionalization. The collection opens with V. V. Pokshishevsky’s review article, Economic Regionalization of the USSR (A Survey of Research Problems, 1962-1964). Set against a broad historical background, the article presents a critical analysis of various viewpoints within economic-geographical theory and outlines the fundamental principles of Soviet economic regionalization theory as validated through practical experience. The volume also includes several review articles devoted to specialized aspects of economic regionalization theory: Detailed Economic Regionalization in the USSR (Regional and Local Levels) by I. I. Parkhomenko; Agricultural Regionalization of the USSR by A. N. Rakitnikov and V. G. Klyuchkov; and Economic Regionalization and Regional Planning by F. M. Listengurt. A bibliographical survey of literature on Soviet economic regionalization, compiled by V. V. Pokshishevsky, is included at the end of the book. The contents of these studies demonstrate that, despite significant achievements in the general methodology of regionalization, geographers have still not sufficiently investigated many specific theoretical issues, particularly those concerning detailed regionalization, sectoral regionalization (especially agricultural regionalization), and the relationship between regionalization and regional planning. The volume concludes with a bibliography containing 529 references that support all of the articles included in the collection. The bibliography is organized into the following sections: History of Economic Regionalization (11 entries); General Theory and Theoretical Problems of Economic Regionalization (74 entries); General Problems of Economic Regionalization (45 entries); Detailed Regionalization (regional and local levels) and Intra-regional Differences (124 entries); Sectoral Economic Regionalization (153 entries), including a separate subsection on Agricultural Regionalization (101 entries); The Relationship between Economic Regionalization and Regional Planning; the Regional-Forming Role of Cities (38 entries); Other Works (16 entries); Translations and Reviews of Foreign Studies on Soviet Regionalization (24 entries); Supplementary Materials (44 entries). The bibliography includes an index of references from the abstract journal Geography, and a name index is provided at the end of the volume. During preparation of the manuscript for publication, the reviewers A. A. Mints and O. A. Konstantinov offered valuable comments and suggestions, for which the editorial board expresses its sincere gratitude.