Diamond is the hardest of all known minerals and man-made alloys. Diamond is widely used in the field of technology because of its unparalleled hardness and resistance to chemical agents and wear. Diamond is a first-class gem and is used in the jewelry industry. At present, it is difficult to find which industrial sector does not use diamond to some extent. They are particularly widely used in metal processing, stone cutting and abrasive industries, as well as drilling operations in hard rock formations. The use of diamond can speed up the production process many times, improve product quality and product accuracy. Therefore, although great achievements have been made in the manufacture of hard and superhard alloys, the industrial demand for diamonds is still growing year by year. With the increasing demand for industrial diamond, its world mining volume is also growing. By the beginning of World War II (1940), it had exceeded 14.4 million carats. During the war, diamond mining fell to 9-11 million carats, but returned to the pre war level in 1949. Especially in the past five years, diamond mining has increased rapidly. In 1954, the world's diamond mining volume reached 20.4 million carats, of which 16.8 million carats, or about 82%, were industrial diamonds. The above figures fully show how important industrial diamond has become in recent years. China's industry is also in urgent need of industrial diamond. Due to the low content of diamond in placer, the prepared diamond raw material base in Ural region cannot guarantee the development of large-scale diamond mining industry. The diamond mining organized in the west slope deposit of central ural during 1941-1944 is not large enough to meet the demand of domestic industry for technical diamonds. However, it is very difficult to obtain diamonds from abroad due to the obstacles set by capitalist countries that control the world diamond market. Therefore, the application of diamond in the Soviet Union was limited. Many industrial sectors in China have no access to diamonds at all and can only work with substitutes. In particular, virtually all drilling operations have been converted to alternatives. According to preliminary calculation, only the Ministry of Geology and mineral protection of the Soviet Union and the Ministry of nonferrous metallurgy of the Soviet Union switched to diamond exploration drilling, which could save hundreds of millions of rubles per year. Using diamond in metal processing, machine tool manufacturing, instrument manufacturing and abrasive industry will bring greater benefits. In view of the huge task of further developing the national economy and improving labor productivity put forward by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in accordance with the sixth five year plan, the protection of domestic diamonds for industrial use has become the most important issue of national significance. From 1954 to 1955, abundant diamond bearing placers and primary diamond deposits were found in Yakut Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic, and their diamond content was comparable to that of diamond deposits being mined abroad, including those in South Africa. According to the work results in recent years, especially from 1955 to 1956, the broad prospects of the diamond bearing nature of the Siberian Platform have ensured the possibility of organizing the diamond mining industry in the Yakut Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic, and its scale will fully meet the demand of the Soviet Union for industrial diamonds. The book diamond in Siberia, written collectively by the geologists of amakin exploration team of the Ural Siberian Geological Bureau of the Ministry of Geology and mineral protection of the Soviet Union, is based on the latest information on the diamond bearing properties of the Siberian Platform (including the research materials in 1955). The book first describes the primary diamond deposits found in Yakut Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic, and discusses in detail the petrology and mineralogy of kimberlite, as well as the crystallography and mineralogy of diamond. The book also introduces the characteristics of diamond bearing placers in the viluyi basin and describes the methods of diamond geological exploration under the conditions of the Siberian Platform. In view of the rich and novel practical materials contained in the book and the great practical significance of ensuring the use of domestic diamonds in the national economy, although the materials on primary diamond deposits are not complete, and individual issues have not been discussed in depth, the book is still of great value to the vast number of Soviet geologists