For the first time, this volume systematically collects soil data and agricultural soil conditions from various states of Kazakhstan, and focuses on the latest research results of the country's soil scientists on the reclamation and rational utilization of land resources. These materials not only constitute an important scientific basis for the division of agricultural zones in Kazakhstan, but also directly serve the formulation of agricultural management systems in various states. On this basis, the Soil Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic combined natural conditions with the dominant economic direction to propose a plan to divide the country into six natural economic (agricultural) zones, which was adopted by the Ministry of Agriculture. These six natural economic zones cover from grassland agricultural areas dominated by chernozem soil, dark chestnut dry grassland agricultural and pastoral areas, to desert animal husbandry areas, Tianshan and Altai Mountains agricultural and pastoral areas, etc., reflecting agricultural layout ideas based on local conditions. The publication of this book not only records the transformation of scientific research achievements into actual agricultural policies, but also provides important reference for scientific research workers and agricultural experts to further refine natural economic zones and deeply study the specialization and layout of agricultural production, and has positive guiding significance for the long-term development of agriculture in Kazakhstan.