TY - Data T1 - A1 - Documentation Information Center DO - 10.12389/ariddc.01943 PY - 2026 DA - 2026-09-17 PB - Arid Land Ecology and Resources Science Data Center AB - This book introduces the research results of using a mathematical model of runoff formation to develop a method for forecasting the water volume of the Heiertix River and the inflow flow of the Bukhtarma Reservoir. The calculation method of each component of the balance between water and salt in Balkhash Lake, the consideration method of albedo in the calculation of snow volume, and the consideration of the impact of human activities in the river runoff prediction method are described. The water balance during the storage and consumption periods of the Upper Ertysh River, water resources and their utilization status in the Syr Darya River Basin, salinity changes in the Aral Sea, flow field characteristics in the coastal waters of the Ural River estuary, and changes in small rivers in the Plain of Kazakhstan due to the accumulation of part of runoff in artificial water bodies were evaluated. In addition, issues such as the calculation of freezing in running channels throughout the year, the impact of meteorological factors in North Kazakhstan on snow surface evaporation, and groundwater seepage in double media are also discussed.This book is aimed at hydrologists, geographers, and professionals in design organizations and water resource management agencies. DB - EGIDC UR - https://data.dcxjegi.cn/portal/metadata/e990a4b3-f02a-4bbe-b59f-02d3d3ff6cfa ER -