TY - Data T1 - East Kazakhstan A1 - Documentation Information Center DO - 10.12389/ariddc.01573 PY - 2026 DA - 2026-09-21 PB - Arid Land Ecology and Resources Science Data Center AB - East Kazakhstan, an ancient homeland of long-settled peoples, is a beautiful and fertile land. Like a mighty eagle poised to take flight, it stretches proudly across the vast northeastern expanse of our republic. Its fertile soil, ribbon-like winding rivers and lakes, boundless pastures, rich metal deposits, inexhaustible forest resources, and abundant wildlife and fish have attracted human interest since ancient times and inspired endless admiration.East Kazakhstan Region is a unique natural and climatic area rarely found on the Eurasian continent. Here, steppes, semi-deserts, and mountain forests coexist within a single region. More than half of the republic's flora and fauna resources are concentrated here. The famous Altai Mountains, Saur-Saykan Range, and Tarbagatai Mountains all converge in this land. The valleys of the Naryn and Bukhtarma Rivers are regarded as running through the “golden backbone of the Earth.” Yet, indeed, everyone tends to regard their homeland as the center of the world.The American journalist George Kennan, who visited the region in 1885, described it in the following way:“We traveled across cool alpine meadows rich with pasture grasses... Above us rose towering mountains crowned with perpetual snow... To arrive suddenly from the hot, arid, African-like deserts along the Irtysh River into this vast and wondrous land left us deeply astonished. I could not help asking myself: Had the scorching desert, with its whirlwinds driving clouds of sand, somehow entered my dreams? Or can nature truly undergo such an extraordinary transformation within a single day and night? ... I have crossed the Sierra Nevada, traversed every mountain ridge of Nicaragua, and traveled through Kamchatka and the Caucasus, yet I have never seen mountain scenery that could rival this place in serenity, beauty, grandeur, and grace.”Stretching along the Russian border are the Listvyaga and Kholzun mountain ranges, among which the snow-white Mount Muztau (4,506 meters), p DB - EGIDC UR - https://data.dcxjegi.cn/portal/metadata/4a24fb96-075c-41a4-a34c-2101d8a215ac ER -