TY  - Data
T1  - An Introduction to the History of Geography in Russia in the 18th Century (1725-1800)
A1  - Documentation Information Center
DO  - 10.12389/ariddc.02074
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026-09-17
PB  - Arid Land Ecology and Resources Science Data Center
AB  - The development of geographical knowledge in Russia was a long process extending over several centuries, and its characteristics were determined by the totality of historical conditions that emerged during different periods of Russian history. One of the most important stages in the history of Russian geography was the period from 1725, when the reforms of Peter the Great were being implemented, to the end of the eighteenth century. These reforms laid the direct foundation for the further development of geographical science in Russia.It is sufficient to note that during this period, in addition to numerous smaller expeditions, several major scientific expeditions were carried out that made significant contributions to the history of world geography. These included the Second Kamchatka Expedition (1733-1743), the so-called Academy Expeditions (1768-1774), and the expedition of I. Billings and G. A. Sarychev (1785-1793). The results of these expeditions greatly expanded knowledge of the northern part of European Russia and its Arctic waters, as well as of Siberia. The Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and the northwestern regions of America were discovered and began to be explored and developed.During the same period, the Academy of Sciences, founded in St. Petersburg in 1725, became the most important scientific center directing numerous geographical, economic, ethnographic, and cartographic studies. The years 1725-1800 are also distinguished by the fact that the scholarly activity of a number of outstanding Russian scientists fell entirely, or for the most part, within this era, and their works enriched the history of geography and related disciplines.During these years, V. N. Tatishchev, I. K. Kirilov, and F. I. Soymonov continued their research. The entire scientific career of M. V. Lomonosov belongs to these decades. In the first half of the eighteenth century, P. I. Rychkov, author of The Topography of Orenburg, the explorers of Kamchatka S. P. Krasheninnikov and G. W. 
DB  - EGIDC
UR  - https://data.dcxjegi.cn/portal/metadata/47ad6ee1-3f1c-47db-97b5-20866cbc1510
ER  -