水生生物学研究，或者更准确地说，水文生态学研究，是一项繁重的工作。其繁重性在于它涉及野外工作，需要船只、辅助人员、仪器设备等等。水生生物学家必须既能进行细致的实验室工作，又愿意在任何天气和季节亲临水体，从事采集样本这项不轻松的体力劳动。但水生生物学研究的繁重性不仅甚至主要不在于此。\n研究像水生生态系统这样复杂的自然对象，单个人是根本无法完成的，它只能由一个包括不同专业背景专家在内的集体来承担，其中甚至包括像水化学这样的非生物学专业。需要组织和协调所有参与者的努力与利益，这常常是困难的事。当需要保障持续多年的研究时，出现的复杂情况和困难会成倍增加。\n因此，关于特定水体长期而详尽的生物湖泊学研究的例子如此之少，也就不足为奇了。然而，近年来这类研究变得尤为重要，因为只有基于长期观测和详细的生物学研究，才能区分人为影响的后果与由水文气象及其他自然地理因素引起的变化，并弄清水质和水生生态系统的生产力如何依赖于人为影响，即解决现代水文生态学的中心任务。\n集体专著《纳罗奇湖群生态系统》反映了在纳罗奇生物站（该站由著名动物学家和水生生物学家 列夫·亚历山德罗维奇·津克维奇 于1946年倡议建立）对纳罗奇湖及其相连的米亚斯特罗湖和巴托里诺湖进行的多年研究结果。这三个湖泊按汇流顺序排列为巴托里诺湖、米亚斯特罗湖和纳罗奇湖，它们拥有共同的集水区，这使得我们可以谈论纳罗奇湖群生态系统。\n纳罗奇湖在白俄罗斯苏维埃社会主义共和国的水体中占有特殊地位。其丰富的自然资源、高度的休闲、疗养保健及美学潜力，使得 其保护与合理利用成为一项国家重要任务。每年，该湖承受着日益增长的人为压力，首先是休闲旅游压力。目前，湖中已出现开始富营养化的迹象，长远来看，这可能导致水质显著恶化。因此，科学论证维持湖泊生态系统良好状态的环保措施、确定其富营养化速度、并论证其生产力和水质可能变化的预测，变得尤为重要。\n对纳罗奇湖进行系统的长期研究，在普通水生生物学方面也具有重大意义，因为它有助于阐明该类型湖泊的共同特征——纳罗奇湖在其中扮演了模型水体的角色。纳罗奇湖属于苏联广泛分布的中营养型湖泊。非常重要的一点是，邻近的米亚斯特罗湖和巴托里诺湖在类型学上与纳罗奇湖有显著区别，可以分别作为富营养型和高度富营养型湖泊的良好模型水体。\n对纳罗奇湖、米亚斯特罗湖和巴托里诺湖的全年生态监测，包括对水温与透明度、主要水化学和微生物学指标、浮游植物叶绿素含量、浮游植物、浮游动物和底栖动物的组成、数量和生物量的观测，已被纳入国际\"人与生物圈\"研究计划，属于第5号项目\"人类活动对大陆水体的生态影响、用途及资源\"。\n本专著介绍了在纳罗奇湖、米亚斯特罗湖和巴托里诺湖所进行的水生生物学工作、不同研究时期的目标以及主要成果，这些成果在苏联得到了广泛认可，并因其在国际生物学计划执行中的突出作用而在国外享有盛誉。同时，不同作者所汇集的研究成果也清晰地揭示了现有研究的空白点，以及本书各章节在形式和阐述水平上的不一致，这在稿件编辑过程中自然只能得到很小程度的弥补。然而，清楚了解已经完成了什么以及还有什么需要完成，以便在规划进一步研究时将其考虑在内，这是重要且必要的。因此，本书的意义和兴趣不仅在于总结了白俄罗斯水生生物学家的多年工作成果，还在于它将有助于提高后续研究的效率，这些研究既旨在阐明水生生态系统功能的一般生物学规律，也旨在解决纳罗奇湖群保护与合理利用的具体问题。
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：Г. Г. 温贝格（Г. Г. Винберг）\n出版社：Издательство «Университетское»\n出版地：明斯克\n出版年：1985年\n页数：301页\n语种：俄文\n分类号：УДК 574.5（285.2）（476）\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70001519
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 123557872, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "f932dbd0-f7b7-4018-a227-cd74f5d7e2c6.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "180.4440" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-10 19:10:53", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-23 12:49:19", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02207", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "202507100004（XJLASRU70001519）双层.pdf", "size": 123557872, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Naroch Lakes Ecosystem", "ds_abstract": "Hydrobiological research, or more precisely hydroecological research, is a demanding undertaking. Its difficulty lies in the fact that it involves fieldwork requiring boats, support personnel, instruments, and various types of equipment. A hydrobiologist must be capable of conducting meticulous laboratory work while also being willing, in any season and under any weather conditions, to visit water bodies and engage in the physically demanding task of collecting samples. Yet the challenges of hydrobiological research are not limited to, nor even primarily defined by, these factors.\r\n\r\nThe study of such complex natural systems as aquatic ecosystems cannot be accomplished by a single individual. It can only be carried out by a team of specialists from diverse disciplines, including even non-biological fields such as hydrochemistry. Organizing and coordinating the efforts and interests of all participants is often difficult. When research must be maintained over many years, the complexity of the situation and the associated difficulties increase many times over.\r\n\r\nIt is therefore not surprising that examples of long-term and comprehensive biolimnological investigations of specific water bodies are so rare. In recent years, however, such studies have become especially important because only through long-term observations and detailed biological investigations can one distinguish the consequences of human impact from changes caused by hydrometeorological and other physical-geographical factors. Only in this way can we understand how water quality and the productivity of aquatic ecosystems depend on anthropogenic influences, thereby addressing the central problem of modern hydroecology.\r\n\r\nThe collective monograph The Ecosystem of the Naroch Lake Group presents the results of many years of research conducted at the Naroch Biological Station, which was established in 1946 on the initiative of the renowned zoologist and hydrobiologist Lev Aleksandrovich Zenkevich. The investigations focused on Lake Naroch and its connected lakes, Myastro and Batorino. These three lakes are arranged in the order of water flow as Lake Batorino, Lake Myastro, and Lake Naroch, and they share a common drainage basin, which allows us to consider them together as the ecosystem of the Naroch lake group.\r\n\r\nLake Naroch occupies a special place among the water bodies of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Its abundant natural resources and its considerable recreational, health-resort, and aesthetic value make its protection and rational utilization a matter of national importance. Each year the lake experiences increasing anthropogenic pressure, primarily from recreational activities and tourism. At present, signs of the onset of eutrophication have already appeared in the lake, and in the long term this may lead to significant deterioration in water quality. Consequently, it has become especially important to provide a scientific basis for environmental measures aimed at maintaining the lake ecosystem in a favorable condition, to determine the rate of eutrophication, and to forecast possible changes in productivity and water quality.\r\n\r\nSystematic long-term studies of Lake Naroch are also of great significance for general aquatic biology because they help to clarify the common characteristics of lakes of this type, with Lake Naroch serving as a model water body. Lake Naroch belongs to the mesotrophic lakes that are widely distributed throughout the Soviet Union. Equally important is the fact that the neighboring lakes Myastro and Batorino differ markedly from Lake Naroch in typological terms and may serve as excellent model water bodies for eutrophic and highly eutrophic lakes, respectively.\r\n\r\nYear-round ecological monitoring of Lakes Naroch, Myastro, and Batorino, including observations of water temperature and transparency, major hydrochemical and microbiological indicators, chlorophyll content of phytoplankton, and the composition, abundance, and biomass of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic organisms, has been incorporated into the international Man and the Biosphere research program as Project No. 5, Ecological Effects, Use, and Resources of Continental Waters under Human Influence.\r\n\r\nThis monograph describes the hydrobiological investigations conducted in Lakes Naroch, Myastro, and Batorino, the objectives pursued during different stages of research, and the principal results obtained. These achievements received broad recognition within the Soviet Union and gained international renown because of their important contribution to the implementation of the International Biological Programme. At the same time, the body of work assembled by different authors clearly reveals existing gaps in knowledge, as well as inconsistencies among the various chapters of the book in terms of format and level of presentation. Naturally, such shortcomings could only be remedied to a limited extent during the editorial process.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, it is both important and necessary to have a clear understanding of what has already been accomplished and what remains to be done, so that these considerations may be taken into account when planning future investigations. Accordingly, the significance and value of this book lie not only in its synthesis of many years of work by Belarusian hydrobiologists, but also in its potential to improve the effectiveness of future studies. Such studies are aimed both at elucidating the general biological principles governing the functioning of aquatic ecosystems and at addressing the practical problems of protecting and rationally utilizing the Naroch lake group.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): 丨.Г. Winberg (丨.Г.Винберг）\r\nPublished by: 丨 здат ельс т в о «Уни в ерс и т е т ско е»\r\nPlace of publication: Minsk\r\nPublication year: 1985\r\nPages: 301 pages\r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nClassification No.: У п б 574.5 (285.2)(476)\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70001519", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\". It fully complies with the data information of \"Narochi Lake Ecosystem\" without modification or deletion.", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Narochi Lake Ecosystem\" was processed electronically. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\",\"Narochi Lake Ecosystem\" was not changed and deleted. The data information of the \"Narochi Lake Ecosystem\" is reliable.", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "生物生产力", "湖泊生态系统" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "群落生态学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中亚" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1985 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }