或许，再没有什么自然现象比山脉更令人震撼了。很难找到恰如其分的词语，来充分展现那由皑皑雪峰、岩崖峡谷、奔腾激流和巍峨山巅构成的、堪称真正艺术杰作的原始之美。\n山的生命、山的声音、山的色彩、山的壮丽——是许多代研究者和艺术家进行科学探索与审美感悟的宏大对象。\n拉苏尔·加姆扎托夫在赞叹故乡之美时，曾非常敏锐地指出，在小小的达吉斯坦，你可以同时看到“冬与秋，春与夏。将这些‘季节’彼此分隔的，是那嶙峋的、寂静的、轰鸣的、雄鹰盘踞的群山”。\n在世界上众多的山地系统中，中亚和哈萨克斯坦的大陆性和次大陆性山脉具有重要研究价值，它们环绕着大陆内部的广阔荒漠，绵延极长。\n天山和帕米尔——世界上最伟大的山地系统——位于亚洲荒漠的干旱地带，植被独特。在这些荒漠之中，耸立着巨大的岩石山脉，其上覆盖的植被能够产生大量氧气并涵养水分，这决定了山脉在生物圈过程中的重要作用。\n这些山脉的领土四周被巨大的山脊所环绕，其高度可达3000—7000米甚至更高。在这些山脊之间，分布着半封闭和封闭的、纵向的宽阔洼地、山原和高原。\n山地地形也决定了该区域自然生态系统的生态特点，特别是气候条件、土壤、植被、动物群和景观的多样性。中亚和哈萨克斯坦的山脉拥有许多在其他山地系统中见不到的独特对象。\n本专著总结了作者在山地土壤形成领域多年的研究成果，进一步发展了多库恰耶夫关于土壤区域性的学说。基于大量实证资料，书中探讨了山地地区土壤的分类与体系问题，对不同地质地理组别进行了比较分析，阐述了山地土壤形成的特殊性，并从中亚和南哈萨克斯坦的实际案例出发，研究了山地土壤合理利用的自然科学基础，以及山地地区综合开发与保护的相关议题。
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：A. M. 马米诺夫 (A. M.Маминов).\n出版社：Издательство «Илим» \n出版地：伏龙芝 \n出版年：1987 \n页数：314页 \n语种：俄文
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《中亚山区和南哈萨克斯坦土壤》的数据信息，未改动删减。
", "ds_quality": "对收集到的《中亚山区和南哈萨克斯坦土壤》进行电子化加工处理，按照国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》要求，未改动删减《中亚山区和南哈萨克斯坦土壤》的数据信息，数据质量可靠。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 116671562, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "无", "ds_thumbnail": "deab2a39-e5c1-44ee-852d-820b8b50f3b9.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "210.50" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-03 19:44:22", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-03 19:44:22", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02015", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "202506240002（无条码）双层.pdf", "size": 116671562, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Soils in the mountains of Central Asia and South Kazakhstan", "ds_abstract": "The basis for improving agricultural productivity and sustainability lies in the continuous restoration of soil fertility. Solving this problem not only depends on the correct use of agrochemicals that improve soil fertility, but also depends on agronomic and physical factors that promote a reasonable structure of the cultivated layer and good soil hydrology, heat and ventilation conditions. In the front plain area of the Tianshan Mountains, in addition to irrigated agriculture, extensive (non-irrigated) agriculture, characterized by peak atmospheric precipitation from winter to spring and adapted to long-term summer droughts, is also widely developed. The extensive agricultural area is the main grain, feed and other crop supply base for Tardikurgan, Almaty, Jamber and Chimkete prefectures. However, the yield of extensive agriculture in these areas depends almost entirely on the amount of atmospheric precipitation and the water supply at the time of sowing. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the physical properties and hydrological conditions of extensive agricultural soils.\r\nThis book systematically summarizes field and laboratory research data on the hydrophysical properties and hydrological conditions of sandy soil in the pre-Tianshan desert grassland area. For this area, this paper discusses the soil ecological conditions of sandy agriculture, delineates different grassland types according to precipitation abundance, and describes the hydrophysical characteristics of sandy soil in detail. Special attention was paid to the entry of water into the soil, the use of water resources by crops and pastures, and methods of regulating hydrological balance. The experimental data provided scientific basis for improving agronomic physical characteristics and hydrological status of sandy soil in Tianpiedmont desert steppe area.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): A. M. Maminov (A. M.Маминов).\r\nPublished by: ð здательство « ð л им» \r\nPublished: Frunze \r\nYear of publication: 1987 \r\nPages: 314 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center stores the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\" and fully complies with the data information of \"Central Asian Mountains and Soil of South Kazakhstan\" without modification or deletion.", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Soil in Central Asian Mountains and South Kazakhstan\" was electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources,\" the data information of \"Soil in Central Asian Mountains and South Kazakhstan\" was not changed or deleted, and the data quality was reliable.", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "no", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "山地垂直带谱", "成土地球化学" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "土壤学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "苏联" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1987 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }