本动物学著作是作者应Е.Н.帕夫洛夫斯基院士的建议完成的，主要基于他领导的塔吉克斯坦寄生虫考察队收集的材料。这些考察队的动物区系采集并非其直接任务，但它们在塔吉克斯坦昆虫区系研究史上的意义是巨大的。\n塔吉克斯坦的现代领土（其边界由民族、经济和日常特征决定）当然不限于自然的动物地理区甚至景观区域。该领土占据了М.А.门兹比尔的鸟类分区：帕米尔区和布哈拉区（不含其西半部）以及部分西天山（列宁纳巴德、瑙、乌拉秋别、沙赫里斯坦地区）。因此，我们的描述对象是以下区域的半翅目区系：1）帕米尔-阿赖的高山地区，具有草原和木本植被（以圆柏灌丛和落叶灌木形式）以及主要是石质土壤；该区域的北边界延伸至邻近的吉尔吉斯，西边界延伸至乌兹别克斯坦（吉萨尔山脉的西端）；2）帕米尔-阿赖的山地和山前草原，以草原灌木丛、部分落叶林、栗钙土和灰钙土（常为砾石-碎石质）为特征；该地带在邻近的所有中亚共和国（吉尔吉斯、乌兹别克斯坦、南哈萨克斯坦和土库曼斯坦）均有分布；3）沿帕米尔-阿赖山麓的山前和山前半荒漠，代表荒漠草原和灰钙土上的灌溉土地，气候炎热——该地带几乎完全位于乌兹别克斯坦和南土库曼斯坦境内，仅在列宁纳巴德地区进入塔吉克斯坦；4）亚热带——荒漠草原和灰钙土上的灌溉土地，气候炎热，冬季较为温和——沿阿姆河的地带进入乌兹别克斯坦境内，几乎延伸至与土库曼斯坦的边界。由此可见，如果将研究范围局限在一个共和国的边界内处理半翅目动物区系，会大大降低工作的价值，我们对此的解释仅仅是塔吉克斯坦在半翅目研究方面是一个共和国。在不久的将来，还将提出在中亚的自然和动物地理边界内处理整个中亚动物区系的问题。\n我与Е.Н.帕夫洛夫斯基院士一样，认为完全有必要不局限于寄生虫考察队收集的材料，而是在处理所有我能获取的收藏后，给出半翅目动物区系的概述。尽管这伴随着巨大的技术困难，但得益于Евгений Никанорович Павловский对我工作的关注，这项工作得以完成。\n塔吉克斯坦半翅目动物区系研究的下一阶段应包括编制该目昆虫科、属和种的检索表。如果不考虑苏联科学院动物研究所（绝大多数已鉴定）关于乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯和土库曼斯坦动物区系的收藏材料，就不可能完成整个中亚动物区系的一般概述。就前两个共和国而言，本著作在很大程度上覆盖了它们，但土库曼斯坦独特的半翅目区系自然超出了本著作的范围。尽管目前已知的塔吉克斯坦半翅目数量（超过600种）已显著接近文献中已知的整个中亚物种数量（超过900种），但无论前者还是后者都远不能被认为是接近实际的。本著作引入科学界的大量新种和新属就是显著的标志。毫无疑问，类似本研究的工作，即使仅基于苏联科学院动物研究所关于乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯和土库曼斯坦动物区系的收藏材料，也将极大地丰富中亚的半翅目区系。\n本著作的手稿于1939年秋季准备付印。由于各种情况，出版被无限期推迟。自然，自1939年以来，塔吉克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院分院动物学与寄生虫学研究所对共和国动物区系（包括半翅目区系）的研究活动一直像前几年一样积极开展。1942年，苏联科学院动物研究所从列宁格勒迁至杜尚别，其科研人员也积极参与了塔吉克斯坦动物区系的研究。因此，现在出版的《塔吉克斯坦半翅目》中纳入了В.В.古萨科夫斯基来自孔达拉河谷（1937-1940、1946年）、瓦赫什河（旧码头，原吉利亚库尔区，1941年）和吉萨尔河谷（杜尚别市郊、帕赫塔阿巴德，1942-1943年）的材料，以及正文相应位置提到的许多其他研究者的材料。\n这些及其他材料使得塔吉克斯坦半翅目动物区系名录得以大幅补充，增加了5个科（Aradidae、Brachyrhynchidae、Isometopidae、Dipsocoridae、Mesovelidae），28个属，以及超过82个种；其中4-5个属和超过18个种对科学而言是新发现的。这些数字如此之大，以至于关于塔吉克斯坦半翅目景观分组和该区系动物地理特征的章节也需要大量增补。塔吉克斯坦分院和苏联科学院动物研究所工作人员关于有害龟蝽——Eurygaster integriceps Put.（И.А.鲁布佐夫、Е.П.卢波娃）、苜蓿害虫（А.И.卡尔波娃）和水稻害虫（А.Е.谢苗诺夫）的研究，使得“塔吉克斯坦农业害虫”一章也得到了显著补充。\n本著作的最终版本是由我在塔吉克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院以Е.Н.帕夫洛夫斯基院士命名的动物学与寄生虫学研究所高级研究员Е.П.卢波娃的帮助下，在昆虫学家Н.Н.穆米诺夫的参与下准备的。借此机会，我向他们表示深切的感谢。\n
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：А. Н.基里琴科（А. Н. Кириченко）\n出版社：Издательство Академии наук Таджикской ССР\n出版地：杜尚别\n出版年：1964年\n页数：256页 \n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70020540\n
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-07-15 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-07-15 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "塔吉克苏维埃社会主义共和国", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 93969032, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "b4cfacba-c266-4ae1-9920-b2b0befcc645.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "180.54" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-17 16:46:18", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-28 13:08:26", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02076", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20250715002(XJLASRU70020540).pdf", "size": 93969032, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Hemipteran insects (bugs) of Tajikistan", "ds_abstract": "This zoological work was prepared by the author at the suggestion of Academician E. N. Pavlovsky and is based primarily on materials collected by the Tajikistan Parasitological Expeditions that he directed. Although the collection of faunal specimens was not the principal objective of these expeditions, their significance for the history of entomological research in Tajikistan has been enormous.\r\n\r\nThe present-day territory of Tajikistan, whose boundaries are defined by ethnic, economic, and cultural characteristics, naturally does not coincide with any single zoogeographical or even landscape region. This territory encompasses M. A. Menzbier’s ornithogeographical divisions: the Pamir Region and the Bukhara Region (excluding its western half), as well as part of the Western Tien Shan (the Leninabad, Nau, Ura-Tyube, and Shahristan districts). Consequently, the subject of our description is the Hemipteran fauna of the following regions:\r\n\r\nThe high-mountain region of the Pamir-Alai, characterized by steppe and woody vegetation (represented by juniper thickets and deciduous shrubs) and predominantly rocky soils. Its northern boundary extends into neighboring Kyrgyzstan, while its western boundary reaches Uzbekistan (the western extremity of the Hissar Range).\r\n\r\nThe mountain and foothill steppes of the Pamir-Alai, characterized by steppe shrub communities, patches of deciduous forest, chestnut soils, and sierozems (often gravelly and stony). This zone is represented in all neighboring Central Asian republics, including Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, southern Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan.\r\n\r\nThe foothill and semi-desert belt along the base of the Pamir-Alai, consisting of desert-steppe landscapes and irrigated lands on sierozem soils under a hot climate. This zone lies almost entirely within Uzbekistan and southern Turkmenistan and enters Tajikistan only in the Leninabad region.\r\n\r\nThe subtropical zone, consisting of irrigated lands on desert-steppe and sierozem soils, with a hot climate and comparatively mild winters. This belt extends along the Amu Darya into Uzbekistan and nearly reaches the border with Turkmenistan.\r\n\r\nIt is therefore evident that restricting the study of Hemipteran fauna to the borders of a single republic would greatly diminish the value of the work. The only justification for such a limitation is that Tajikistan constitutes an administrative unit in which Hemipteran studies are being conducted. In the near future, the question of treating the entire fauna of Central Asia within its natural and zoogeographical boundaries will inevitably arise.\r\n\r\nLike Academician E. N. Pavlovsky, I considered it absolutely necessary not to confine the work solely to the materials collected by the parasitological expeditions. Instead, after examining all collections available to me, I sought to provide an overall survey of the Hemipteran fauna. Although this involved considerable technical difficulties, the work was successfully completed thanks to the interest and support that Evgeny Nikanorovich Pavlovsky showed toward my research.\r\n\r\nThe next stage in the study of Tajikistan’s Hemipteran fauna should include the preparation of identification keys to the families, genera, and species of this insect order. Without taking into account the collections of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR relating to the fauna of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan (the great majority of which have already been identified), it would be impossible to prepare a general survey of the fauna of Central Asia as a whole. With respect to the first two republics, the present work covers them to a considerable extent, whereas the unique Hemipteran fauna of Turkmenistan naturally falls outside its scope.\r\n\r\nAlthough the number of Hemipteran species currently known from Tajikistan (more than 600 species) has come remarkably close to the total number recorded in the literature for all of Central Asia (more than 900 species), neither figure can be regarded as approaching the true total. A striking indication of this is the large number of new species and genera introduced into science in the present work. There is no doubt that studies similar to the present one, even if based solely on the collections of the Zoological Institute concerning the fauna of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan, would greatly enrich knowledge of the Hemipteran fauna of Central Asia.\r\n\r\nThe manuscript of this work was prepared for publication in the autumn of 1939. Owing to various circumstances, publication was postponed indefinitely. Nevertheless, since 1939 the Institute of Zoology and Parasitology of the Tajik Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR continued actively to investigate the republic’s fauna, including its Hemipteran fauna, just as it had in previous years. In 1942, the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR was evacuated from Leningrad to Dushanbe, and its scientific staff also took an active part in the study of Tajikistan’s fauna.\r\n\r\nAs a result, the present publication, Hemiptera of Tajikistan, incorporates the materials collected by V. V. Gusakovsky in the Kondara Valley (1937-1940, 1946), on the Vakhsh River (Old Pier, former Gilyakul District, 1941), and in the Hissar Valley (suburbs of Dushanbe and Pakhtaabad, 1942-1943), as well as materials gathered by many other researchers mentioned in the relevant sections of the text.\r\n\r\nThese and other materials substantially expanded the inventory of Tajikistan’s Hemipteran fauna, adding five families (Aradidae, Brachyrhynchidae, Isometopidae, Dipsocoridae, and Mesovelidae), twenty-eight genera, and more than eighty-two species. Among these, four to five genera and more than eighteen species were new to science. These additions were so extensive that the chapters dealing with the landscape groupings of Tajikistan’s Hemiptera and the zoogeographical characteristics of the fauna also required substantial revision and expansion.\r\n\r\nResearch carried out by staff members of the Tajik Branch and the Zoological Institute on the harmful sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (I. A. Rubtsov and E. P. Lupova), alfalfa pests (A. I. Karpova), and rice pests (A. E. Semyonov) likewise made it possible to supplement significantly the chapter entitled “Agricultural Pests of Tajikistan.”\r\n\r\nThe final version of this work was prepared with the assistance of E. P. Lupova, Senior Research Fellow of the Institute of Zoology and Parasitology named after Academician E. N. Pavlovsky of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, and with the participation of the entomologist N. N. Muminov. I take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to them.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): А.Н. Kirichenko (А.Н.Кириченко）\r\nPublished by: А зд а т ельс тво А к а д еми наук т а д г и к с к ой С С СР\r\nPublished: Dushanbe\r\nPublication year: 1964\r\nPages: 256 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70020540\r\n
", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center electronically stores the book without OCR recognition. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of \"Hemiptera Insects (Butins) of Tajikistan\" without modification or deletion.\r\n
", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Hemipteran Insects (Bugs) of Tajikistan\" were electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\",\"Tajikistan\" Hemipteran Insects (Bugs)\"was not changed and deleted. The data information of the\" Hemipteran Insects (Bugs)\"was reliable.\r\n
", "ds_acq_place": "Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "农业害虫", "水稻害虫", "龟蝽", "半翅目" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "昆虫学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "塔吉克苏维埃社会主义共和国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1964 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }