土地和水资源的保护与合理利用问题，对于人类在地球上的生存具有首要意义。\n苏共二十七大提出的苏联经济与社会发展的主要任务中，包括加强保护自然、地下资源、大气、水体、动植物界，确保自然资源的合理利用与再生。解决这一任务的重要组成部分，是制定调控水流侵蚀活动和保护土壤免遭侵蚀的措施。\n侵蚀的发展与一系列自然和人为因素的综合作用有关：坡长与坡度、集水区大小、土壤抗侵蚀能力、暴雨的强度和发生频率、土地规划不当、耕作和灌溉方式不正确。当前，在需要通过开发山区和山前地带来扩大农业生产的背景下，研究和制定新的、有前景的防治土壤侵蚀措施的问题具有特殊意义。山地地貌的特点是景观强烈分割、斜坡众多、降水状况各异、地表径流量大、各种形式的土壤侵蚀强烈，以及在山区河流流域形成破坏性的泥石流。\n在哈萨克斯坦，防止土壤水蚀的问题研究尚不充分。与此同时，在共和国南哈萨克斯坦和东南哈萨克斯坦的山前及山区，约有900万公顷宜耕地存在遭受冲刷和侵蚀的危险。地表径流和侵蚀的发展规律已得到阐明。对侵蚀过程发展的特点和规律性研究不足，缺乏防侵蚀措施体系的制定，这些问题正在显现。\n为解决研究这一极其复杂且对比鲜明的自然对象的侵蚀过程所提出的任务，我们在研究期间采用了景观学、地理学、水文学、森林土壤改良学和土壤学中使用的方法和途径。\n本著作探讨了哈萨克斯坦天山这一对哈萨克斯坦国民经济具有重要意义的区域（作为水分调节器和农业开发对象）的侵蚀问题及其地理区域性。阐述了山区地形条件下地表径流和土壤侵蚀的发展规律、河道径流形成和土壤从小集水区流失的特点，并提供了提高防侵蚀林改良措施和改良技术措施有效性的科学理论基础和实践建议。
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：З. К. 米尔扎克耶夫 (Мирзакеев)\n出版社：Издательство \"Наука\" Казахской ССР\n出版地：阿拉木图\n出版年：1988年\n页数：110页 \n语种：俄文\n分类号：ISBN 5-628-00071-X \n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70002270
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《侵蚀与泥石流过程》的数据信息，未改动删减。
", "ds_quality": "对收集到的《侵蚀与泥石流过程》进行电子化加工处理，按照国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》要求，未改动删减《侵蚀与泥石流过程》的数据信息，数据质量可靠。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 39143845, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "9716016b-24b4-4765-8830-8e05a41e48c0.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "210.50" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-11 14:26:53", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-23 19:20:31", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02261", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "202507260002（XJLASRU70002270）双层.pdf", "size": 39143845, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Erosion and debris flow processes", "ds_abstract": "The protection and rational use of land and water resources are of fundamental importance for human existence on Earth.\r\n\r\nAmong the principal tasks for the economic and social development of the Soviet Union set forth by the 27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were the strengthening of the protection of nature, mineral resources, the atmosphere, water bodies, flora, and fauna, as well as ensuring the rational utilization and renewal of natural resources. An important component of achieving this objective is the development of measures to regulate water-induced erosion processes and to protect soils from erosion.\r\n\r\nThe development of erosion is associated with the combined effects of a number of natural and anthropogenic factors, including slope length and steepness, watershed size, soil resistance to erosion, the intensity and frequency of heavy rainfall, improper land-use planning, and incorrect cultivation and irrigation practices. Under present conditions, when agricultural production must be expanded through the development of mountainous and foothill regions, the study and development of new and promising methods for preventing soil erosion have acquired particular significance.\r\n\r\nMountain landscapes are characterized by strongly dissected terrain, numerous slopes, highly variable precipitation conditions, large volumes of surface runoff, intense manifestations of various forms of soil erosion, and the formation of destructive debris flows within mountain river basins.\r\n\r\nIn Kazakhstan, the problem of preventing water erosion of soils has not yet been sufficiently studied. At the same time, approximately 9 million hectares of potentially cultivable land in the foothill and mountainous regions of southern and southeastern Kazakhstan are threatened by washout and erosion. Although the general patterns governing surface runoff and erosion development have been identified, there remains an insufficient understanding of the characteristics and regularities of erosion processes, and comprehensive systems of anti-erosion measures have yet to be adequately developed.\r\n\r\nTo address the tasks involved in studying erosion processes within this exceptionally complex and highly contrasting natural environment, we employed methods and approaches drawn from landscape science, geography, hydrology, forest-soil amelioration, and soil science.\r\n\r\nThis work examines the problem of erosion and its geographical regionality in the Tien Shan Mountains of Kazakhstan, a region of great importance to the national economy as both a regulator of water resources and an area for agricultural development. The book describes the patterns of surface runoff and soil erosion development under mountain terrain conditions, the characteristics of channel runoff formation and soil loss from small catchments, and provides a scientific basis together with practical recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of anti-erosion forest-reclamation measures and other land-improvement techniques.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board):.К. Mirzakyev (Р ирзакев)\r\nPublished by: А зда тельс тво \"Наук а\" с к ой С С С\r\nPublished: Almaty\r\nPublication year: 1988\r\nPages: 110 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nClassification number: ISBN 5-628-00071-X \r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70002270", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", fully complying with the data information of \"Erosion and Debris Flow Processes\" without modification or deletion.", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Erosion and Debris Flow Processes\" were processed electronically. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", the data information of \"Erosion and Debris Flow Processes\" was not changed and deleted, and the data quality was reliable.", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "地表径流", "土壤侵蚀防治" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "土壤学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "哈萨克斯坦苏维埃社会主义共和国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1988 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }