{ "created": "2025-01-14 19:40:06", "updated": "2026-08-07 23:59:20", "id": "95e2850b-d18f-4134-b86c-8a57db7f2069", "version": 8, "ds_topic": null, "title_cn": "2009-2012年中亚表层土壤元素数据集", "title_en": "", "ds_abstract": "

2019年、2011年、2012年中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所科研人员在哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦采集土壤表土样品，按照ICP土壤测定相关方法和标准分析化验土壤金属和非金属元素含量，包括Al、Ba、Be、Ca、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、K、Li、Mg、Mn、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Ti、V和Zn等20种元素，数据反映表土元素组合及分布特征。

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2011 年 9—10 月先后对塔吉克斯坦西部帕米尔高原的内陆湖泊、河流、山地，西南部阿姆河及其支流，北部平原地区，东部平原和山区进行了考察并采集表层( 顶部 1 cm) 土壤、河底沙、湖泊沉积物或基岩共 87个样品，采样点位置见图 1：

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\"\"\n\n图1：采样点位置图

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2012年6月对哈萨克斯坦东部进行了考察并采集表层土壤82个样品，该地区隶属东哈萨克斯坦州及阿拉木图州，是哈萨克斯坦的工业发达地区，有色金属开采、冶炼、水力发电和畜产品加工为主的经济区。采样点位置见图2。

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\"\"\n图2：哈萨克斯坦东部采样点位置示意图\n\n2012 年对吉尔吉斯斯坦进行了科学考察,并在公路边、农田中和河边3中不同的环境下采集表土共计40个，采样点位置见图3。

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图3：吉尔吉斯斯坦采样点位置示意图

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2009年从首都塔什干至咸海，对乌兹别克斯坦不同地貌单元进行了科学考察。考察过程中兼顾交通便利和保证不同类型土壤的采集，重点对阿姆河流域不同海拔分布的土壤，以及咸海流域不同类型进行考察，并对28个点采集了共计31个不同类型表层土壤样品，采样点位置见图4。

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\"\"\n图4：乌兹别克斯坦采样点示意图

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所有采集的土壤样品冷冻干燥后，磨细至200目，经105℃烘箱烘干后，取0.120 ～ 0.125 g 样品于硝化罐中，加入0.5 mL 盐酸、4.0 mL 硝酸和3.0 mL 氢氟酸，在德国BerghofMWS-3微波硝化系统中硝化。自然冷却后，转移到聚四氟乙稀烧杯中，加0.5 mL 高氯酸蒸干，再加入5 mL 1:3 的硝酸，0.1 mL 双氧水和少量去离子水，加热溶解残渣。冷却后定容至25 mL，溶液转移到聚乙烯瓶内，在4℃环境下保存。用美国Leeman Labs Profile ICP-AES( 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪) 测定各化学元素浓度。\n塔吉克斯坦采集的土壤样品冷冻干燥后，经测定，测得Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、Ti、Co、V、Cr、Sr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni、P、Na、Pb 及Cd 共17种元素含量。\n哈萨克斯坦土壤样品冷冻干燥后，经测定，测得Al、K、Ti、Be、Ba、Fe、Co、Mg、V、Li、Cr、Mn、Na、P、Ni、Zn、Cu、Sr、Ca、Pb共20种元素含量。\n吉尔吉斯斯坦土壤样品冷冻干燥后，经测定，共测得Al、Fe、Ca、Li、Na、K、Mg、Ti、Co、V、Cr、Be、Ba、Sr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni、P、Cd 等20 种元素含量。\n乌兹别克斯坦土壤样品冷冻干燥后，经测定，共测得Al、Fe、Ca、Na、K、Mg、Ti、Co、V、Cr、Be、Ba、Sr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni、P、Cd 共19 种元素含量，其中Cd 低于检测限，未检出。

", "ds_quality": "

所有采集的土壤样品实验室分析采用美国SPEX CertiPrePTM Custom Assurance Standard 多元素标准溶液，中国水系沉积物成份分析标准物质GBW07311 作为参考标准，平行分析误差小于±5%。

", "ds_acq_start_time": "2009-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2012-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "吉尔吉斯斯坦，哈萨克斯坦东部，塔吉克斯坦，乌兹别克斯坦", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 669550, "ds_files_count": 9, "ds_format": ".xls", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "无", "ds_thumbnail": "95e2850b-d18f-4134-b86c-8a57db7f2069.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "210.50" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2025-01-15 11:07:47", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2025-03-25 12:48:06", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.00255", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "2009年乌兹别克斯坦土壤元素数据.xls", "size": 36352, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2009年乌兹别克斯坦表层土壤采样点信息.xlsx", "size": 10921, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2011年塔吉克斯坦土壤元素数据.xls", "size": 110592, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2011年塔吉克斯坦土壤采样点信息.xlsx", "size": 11940, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2012年吉尔吉斯斯坦土壤元素数据.xls", "size": 40960, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2012年吉尔吉斯斯坦土壤采样点信息.xlsx", "size": 9920, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2012年哈萨克斯坦东部土壤元素数据集.xls", "size": 59904, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "2012年哈萨克斯坦东部土壤采样点信息.xlsx", "size": 12256, "is_dir": false }, { "name": "采样点矢量数据.zip", "size": 376705, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "2009-2012 Central Asian surface soil element data set in 2008", "ds_abstract": "

In 2019, 2011 and 2012, scientific researchers from the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of China Academy of Sciences collected soil topsoil samples in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, and analyzed and tested the content of soil metal and non-metallic elements according to ICP soil determination methods and standards, including 20 elements including Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, V and Zn. The data reflects the element combination and distribution characteristics of the surface soil.

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From September to October 2011, the inland lakes, rivers and mountains of the Pamir Plateau in western Tajikistan, the Amu Darya River and its tributaries in the southwest, the northern plain area, and the eastern plains and mountains were inspected and collected on the surface layer (top 1 cm) soil, river bottom sand, lake sediments or bedrock. See Figure 1 for the locations of the sampling points:

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\"\"\n\nFigure 1: Sampling point location diagram

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In June 2012, an inspection was carried out in eastern Kazakhstan and 82 samples of surface soil were collected. This area belongs to East Kazakhstan and Almaty Oblast. It is an industrially developed area of Kazakhstan and an economic zone dominated by non-ferrous metal mining, smelting, hydropower generation and livestock product processing. See Figure 2 for sampling point locations.

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\"\"\nFigure 2: Schematic diagram of sampling point locations in eastern Kazakhstan\n\nIn 2012, a scientific investigation was conducted in Kyrgyzstan, and a total of 40 topsoil samples were collected in three different environments: highways, farmland and rivers. See Figure 3 for the locations of sampling points.

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Figure 3: Schematic diagram of sampling point locations in Kyrgyzstan

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In 2009, a scientific survey of different geomorphological units of Uzbekistan was conducted from the capital Tashkent to the Aral Sea. During the inspection, both convenient transportation and ensuring the collection of different types of soil were taken into account. The focus was on inspecting soil distributed at different altitudes in the Amu Darya River Basin and different types in the Aral Sea Basin. A total of 31 different types of surface soil samples were collected from 28 points. See Figure 4 for the location of the sampling points.

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\"\"\nFigure 4: Schematic diagram of sampling points in Uzbekistan

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", "ds_process_way": "

After freeze-drying, all collected soil samples were ground to 200 mesh, dried in an oven at 105℃, 0.120 - 0.125 g of samples were taken into a nitrification tank, 0.5 mL of hydrochloric acid, 4.0 mL of nitric acid and 3.0 mL of hydrofluoric acid were added, and nitrated in a Berghof MWS-3 microwave nitrification system in Germany. After naturally cooling, transfer it to a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker, add 0.5 mL of perchloric acid and evaporate to dryness, then add 5 mL of 1:3 nitric acid, 0.1 mL of hydrogen peroxide and a small amount of deionized water, and heat to dissolve the residue. After cooling, the volume was constant to 25 mL, the solution was transferred to a polyethylene bottle and stored at 4℃. The concentrations of each chemical element were measured using Leeman Labs Profile ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer) in the United States.\nAfter freeze-drying soil samples collected in Tajikistan, the contents of 17 elements, including Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti, Co, V, Cr, Sr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, P, Na, Pb and Cd, were determined.\nAfter freeze-drying of soil samples from Kazakhstan, the contents of 20 elements including Al, K, Ti, Be, Ba, Fe, Co, Mg, V, Li, Cr, Mn, Na, P, Ni, Zn, Cu, Sr, Ca and Pb were determined.\nAfter freeze-drying of soil samples from Kyrgyzstan, the contents of 20 elements including Al, Fe, Ca, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ti, Co, V, Cr, Be, Ba, Sr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, P, and Cd were determined.\nAfter freeze-drying of soil samples from Uzbekistan, a total of 19 elements including Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg, Ti, Co, V, Cr, Be, Ba, Sr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, P and Cd were determined. Among them, Cd was below the detection limit and was not detected.

", "ds_quality": "

Laboratory analysis of all collected soil samples uses the American CertiPrePTM Custom Assurance Standard multi-element standard solution and the China System Sediment Composition Analysis Standard Material GBW07311 as the reference standard, and the parallel analysis error is less than ±5%.

", "ds_acq_place": "Kyrgyzstan, Eastern Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan", "ds_format": ".xls", "ds_projection": "no", "ds_space_res": "no", "ds_time_res": "no" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "化学元素", "表层土壤" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "土壤学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "乌兹别克斯坦", "哈萨克斯坦东部", "塔吉克斯坦", "吉尔吉斯斯坦" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2011, 2012, 2019 ], "ds_contributors": [ "陈曦" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "李锦" ], "ds_managers": [ "李锦" ], "category": "土壤" }