本专著是此前已出版著作的逻辑延续，致力于描述实际发现的各类独特对象，其中许多被推荐作为自然遗迹。在改革进程中，合理自然利用与自然保护已获得优先地位，这也决定了无生命自然领域科学研究的现实意义。\n此类对象以最微小的自然基准为基础。将其作为系统化和分析中的“钥匙”加以使用，可以相应确定微小自然对象乃至整个环境的合理利用方向和保护措施。“自然对象”一词使用频繁，但含义并不总是一致。广义上使用非常随意，既包括自然环境中最小基准（个别地形形态等），也包括其广阔部分（国家公园、森林地块等）。根据现行的自然保护形式分类，自然对象指的是所谓地理系统的“点状”基准。作者们也遵循这一定义。它们虽是自然环境中的微小要素，但最为典型或独特。\n按保护性质，此类典型自然对象属于地方级保护，对此我们并不认同。一个典型的自然对象即使规模有限，其典型性或独特性也使其具有集中的信息价值。根据这种信息价值的程度，其自然保护意义从纯粹地方意义到全苏乃至全球意义不等。例如，小型瀑布（桑加尔达克河流域或类似瀑布）或各种小型奇异地形可视为前者。像库尔布拉克这样的自然对象，具有连续第四纪沉积物的独特剖面，且整个剖面都有石制品（从阿舍利期到新石器时代）佐证，其意义远远超出苏联范围。其价值不仅限于地方意义，恐龙足迹印痕也具有类似的信息价值。\n无生命自然对象的信息价值及其保存自然环境的“记忆”，在自然保护事业中具有优先地位。通过对这些“小型钥匙”的分析，有可能从这些具体演化形式来认识整个地理系统，这对于其合理利用是必要的。所获得的关于已发现的最独特自然对象的数据，使得能够将它们系统化，以实现合理自然利用和无生命自然保护的目的。共和国境内共发现250多个此类对象。专著介绍了共和国不同自然地理区域80个最独特对象的研究结果，阐述了乌兹别克斯坦无生命自然遗迹红皮书的内容，并推荐了应当立即列入其中的对象。\n随着新发现的无生命自然对象数量不断增加，对其系统化的必要性日益凸显。为此，编制了专门地图的图例，并提供了关于对象在共和国境内分布的初步数据。由于此类地图尚属首次编制，因此给出了图例所必需的信息和编制原则。除了对无生命自然对象的合理利用和保护性质提出建议外，还从同一角度考察了乌兹别克斯坦的某些无生命自然资源。\n本书的基础是作者在野外观察过程中发现的自然对象的描述。关于最独特的、建议保护的对象特征数据已移交共和国自然保护协会。基于库尔布拉克这一无生命自然综合对象，正在建立一个科学中心，它类似于微型自然保护区，目前已在其中开展地球物理学、考古学、地理学和第四纪沉积物地层学领域的科学研究。计划大幅扩大研究范围并合理利用这个微型保护区。该对象的保护由乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院科研机构实施。\n目前正在开展创建完整的著名自然对象地籍的工作。因此，无生命自然遗迹的发现和研究，除了作为环境条件演化信息的集中来源所具有的科学价值外，在应用方面也很有前景。遗迹的高信息含量使得保护和合理利用的概念趋于一致，这有助于实现无生命自然的定向自然利用。周围地区无生命自然遗迹的利用可能性非常广泛。\n随着国家自然保护委员会的成立，关于环境保护和合理利用的基础研究在乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院科研机构体系中应提高到更高的水平。乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院系统与国家自然保护委员会的活动应相互联系、目标一致。共和国生态安全水平的有效性在很大程度上取决于行动的统一性。考虑到现代生态要求，该问题的研究成果为利用遗迹（例如用于医疗浴疗目的、发展旅游业（包括入境旅游）以及经济活动）开辟了广阔可能性。\n为研究无生命自然保护问题，应在乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院内确定牵头单位，并要求其他单位将无生命自然保护研究纳入科研课题。届时，根据主管部门决定在乌兹别克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院内进行的自然对象研究和环境保护工作的整合，以及国家自然保护委员会设计的自然保护工作，将得到最大程度的协调。解决这一问题的重要任务是，从广泛和长远的角度开展无生命自然保护领域的基础研究。\nБ.А.巴赫里特季诺夫描述了对象及其分布和土壤土地资源特征，Г.Ф.捷秋欣完成了方法论部分。野外工作由环境保护实验室的工作人员Э.И.钱巴里索夫、В.А.波波夫、Ш.С.扎基罗夫、Р.曼苏罗夫、А.К.乌拉兹巴耶夫参与。\n
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：Б. А.巴赫里特季诺夫, Г. Ф.捷秋欣（Б. А. Бахритдинов, Г. Ф. Тетюхин）\n出版社：Издательство «Фан» Узбекской ССР\n出版地：塔什干\n出版年：1990年\n页数：61页 \n语种：俄文\nISBN号; ISBN 5—648—00683—7\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70014203\n分类号：УДК 3385.502.76\n
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-07-18 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-07-18 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 4934460, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "95061e17-7bde-4c64-9543-b47e4ca823e9.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "610" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-18 10:29:53", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-22 12:09:47", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.01885", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20250718003(XJLASRU70014203).pdf", "size": 4934460, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Unique objects in inanimate nature and their protection", "ds_abstract": "This monograph is a logical continuation of the authors’ previously published works and is devoted to the description of various unique natural objects that have been discovered in the field, many of which are recommended for designation as natural monuments. In the course of ongoing reforms, rational use of natural resources and nature conservation have acquired priority status, which in turn determines the contemporary relevance of scientific research on the non-living natural environment.\r\n\r\nSuch objects are based on the smallest natural reference units. When used as “keys” in the processes of systematization and analysis, they make it possible to identify appropriate directions for the rational utilization and protection of both individual natural objects and the environment as a whole. The term “natural object” is widely used, but its meaning is not always consistent. In a broad sense, it is often applied rather loosely, encompassing both the smallest elements of the natural environment, such as individual landforms, and much larger units, such as national parks or forest tracts. According to the currently accepted classification of forms of nature protection, natural objects are understood as “point-like” reference units within geographical systems. The authors follow this definition. Although these are small components of the natural environment, they are the most representative or unique.\r\n\r\nFrom the standpoint of conservation status, such typical natural objects are generally regarded as deserving only local protection, a view with which the authors disagree. Even when limited in size, a typical natural object possesses concentrated informational value because of its representativeness or uniqueness. Depending on the significance of this information, its conservation importance may range from local to all-Union and even global levels. Small waterfalls, such as those in the Sangardak River basin or similar sites, may be regarded as examples of locally significant objects. By contrast, an object such as Kurbulak possesses a unique section of continuous Quaternary deposits, throughout which stone artifacts ranging from the Acheulean period to the Neolithic have been discovered. Its significance therefore extends far beyond the boundaries of the Soviet Union. The value of such a site is not merely local, and dinosaur trackways possess a comparable degree of informational importance.\r\n\r\nThe informational value of non-living natural objects and their role in preserving the “memory” of the natural environment occupy a special place in nature conservation. Through the analysis of these “small keys,” it becomes possible to understand entire geographical systems through their specific evolutionary forms, an understanding that is essential for their rational utilization. The accumulated data on the most unique natural objects already identified make it possible to systematize them for the purposes of rational nature management and the conservation of non-living nature. More than 250 such objects have been documented within the republic. The monograph presents the results of investigations of the eighty most distinctive objects from various physical-geographical regions of the republic, outlines the contents of a proposed Red Data Book of Non-Living Natural Monuments of Uzbekistan, and recommends those objects that should be included without delay.\r\n\r\nAs the number of newly discovered non-living natural objects continues to grow, the need for their systematic classification has become increasingly evident. To address this issue, a special map legend was prepared, together with preliminary data on the distribution of such objects throughout the republic. Since this type of map was being compiled for the first time, the necessary cartographic principles and explanatory information are also presented. In addition to recommendations concerning the protection and rational use of non-living natural objects, the book examines certain non-living natural resources of Uzbekistan from the same perspective.\r\n\r\nThe work is based on descriptions of natural objects discovered by the authors during field investigations. Data concerning the characteristics of the most unique sites proposed for protection have already been transferred to the republican society for nature conservation. A scientific center is being established at Kurbulak, a complex non-living natural object, functioning in a manner comparable to a small nature reserve. Scientific investigations in geophysics, archaeology, geography, and the stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits are already being carried out there. Plans exist to expand substantially the scope of research and to ensure the rational utilization of this micro-reserve. Conservation of the site is carried out by research institutions of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.\r\n\r\nWork is currently underway to create a complete cadastre of well-known natural objects. Consequently, the discovery and study of non-living natural monuments have importance not only because they serve as concentrated sources of information on the evolution of environmental conditions, but also because they possess considerable practical potential. The rich informational content of such monuments brings the concepts of protection and rational utilization closer together, thereby facilitating the targeted use of non-living natural environments. The possibilities for utilizing non-living natural monuments in surrounding areas are extremely broad.\r\n\r\nWith the establishment of the State Committee for Nature Protection, fundamental research on environmental protection and rational resource use within the institutions of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR should be raised to a higher level. The activities of the Academy of Sciences and the State Committee for Nature Protection should be closely coordinated and directed toward common goals. The effectiveness of the republic’s ecological security depends to a considerable extent on the unity of these efforts. In light of modern ecological requirements, the results of such research open broad opportunities for the utilization of natural monuments, including their use for therapeutic and balneological purposes, the development of tourism (including international tourism), and various forms of economic activity.\r\n\r\nFor the advancement of research on the conservation of non-living nature, a leading institution should be designated within the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, and other institutions should be required to include non-living nature conservation in their research programs. In that case, the integration of studies on natural objects and environmental protection conducted within the Academy, as determined by the relevant authorities, together with the conservation activities designed by the State Committee for Nature Protection, could be coordinated to the greatest possible extent. An important task in addressing this issue is the conduct of fundamental research on the conservation of non-living nature from a broad and long-term perspective.\r\n\r\nB. A. Bakhritdinov was responsible for describing the objects, their distribution, and the characteristics of soil and land resources, while G. F. Tetyukhin prepared the methodological sections. Fieldwork was carried out with the participation of members of the Environmental Protection Laboratory, including E. I. Chambarisov, V. A. Popov, Sh. S. Zakirov, R. Mansurov, and A. K. Urazbayev.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): BB.А. Bakhlittinov, 丨.Ф. Jie Qiuxin (.А.Бахритдинов, Г.Ф.Тетюхин）\r\nPublished by: 丨 зда т ельс тво « Φ ан» Узбе к с к ой С СР\r\nPublished: Tashkent\r\nPublication year: 1990\r\nPages: 61 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nISBN number; ISBN 5-648-00683-7\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70014203\r\nClassification No.: У п к 3385.502.76\r\n
", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of \"Unique Objects in Inanimate Nature and Their Protection\" without modification or deletion.\r\n
", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Unique Objects in Inanimate Nature and Their Protection\" are electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\",\"Unique Objects in Inanimate Nature and Their Protection\" are unchanged and deleted. The data information of \"Unique Objects in Inanimate Nature and Their Protection\" is of reliable quality.\r\n
", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "无生命自然", "遗迹", "自然保护" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "环境科学技术" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "苏联" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1990 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }