玉米作为苏联最主要的饲料作物，其对农业生产的巨大意义众所周知。1953年苏共中央九月全会不仅导致玉米种植面积在其原有栽培区急剧扩大，而且使这一作物几乎推广到苏联所有集约农业区。所有这些，尤其是后者，要求昆虫学家特别关注玉米产量保护问题。除影响玉米青贮料和籽粒产量成功保存的因素外，还存在一个重大的负面因素，即昆虫——这种最珍贵作物的害虫——所造成的危害，特别是在近年来新开垦的较北部种植区尤为突出。苏联非黑土区玉米种植面积进一步扩大和产量提高的前景，使得必须严格考虑害虫的作用，如果不组织正确的防治，害虫现在就可能成为（在某些地方已经成为）实现作物高产的重大障碍。因此，作者们认为出版一本苏联玉米害虫手册是及时且非常必要的，因为到目前为止，关于玉米害虫的种类组成、分布及其危害性的大量材料已经积累起来。\n本手册的编排遵循苏联此前出版的同类型出版物原则，但其不同之处在于所提供害虫信息更加完整，对较重要种类包括生活史、食性关系、危害特征和分布等数据，并在可能的情况下指出其危害最严重的区域。此外，正文前附有一篇引言，简要概述了不同栽培区玉米害虫的总体意义，并附有一张表格，以便于鉴别难以区分的危害状。\n正文中每个种类不单独列出推荐防治措施，因为苏联主要采用针对害虫综合体的措施体系，而非针对单个种类。本手册还专门设有一节“玉米害虫保护基本原则，作为制定区域性措施体系的基础”，专门讨论这一问题。每个种类所附参考文献中列出的著作，通常也可以找到相关材料。\n在编写手册时，难免存在不同昆虫类群材料叙述上的一些不均匀性，其原因在于它们的研究程度各不相同，每个类群可使用的文献来源在数量和性质上也有很大差异。如果说某些类群，例如蝗虫和鳞翅目，有大量文献可供查阅，通常可以从中获取危害玉米最重要种类的生物学、危害性和分布等必要信息，那么对于其他类群或某些研究较好类群内部的个别科，文献资料则非常贫乏，或者仅局限于提到该种曾在该作物上被记录。\n为压缩每个种类的参考文献篇幅，1932年全苏植物保护研究所出版的《害虫名录》中已包含的著作不再列出，仅注明其在《名录》中的页码。对于鳞翅目，鉴于每个种类所列文献数量庞大，1955年苏联科学院动物研究所出版的《森林害虫》手册中已包含的所有著作也不再重复引用。大多数在个别种类书目中列出的著作和综述以缩写形式引用。对于第一类缩写，不给出完整名称列表；对于第二类缩写，则附有相应列表。引用顺序与《森林害虫》手册相同。\n本手册中昆虫类群的排列顺序，与先前同类出版物一样，按系统学的降序排列，科和属按升序排列，种（属内）按字母顺序排列。\n入选种类的筛选基于文献中或未发表材料中已有的记录。\n
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：В.И. 库兹涅佐夫, Л.В. 阿尔诺利季, Э.П. 纳尔丘克, А.А. 什塔克利贝格, Е.Л. 古里耶娃, И.М. 克尔热涅尔, А.Ф. 叶梅利亚诺夫, Г.Х. 沙波什尼科夫, Н.С. 博尔津齐乌斯, Н.Н. 杰尔别涅娃, Л.Л. 米先科（В.И. Кузнецов, Л.В. Арнольди, Э.П. Нарчук, А.А. Штакельберг, Е.Л. Гурьева, И.М. Керженер, А.Ф. Емельянов, Г.Х. Шапошников, Н.С. Борзенциус, Н.Н. Дербенева, Л.Л. Мищенко）\n出版社：Издательство Академии наук СССР\n出版地：莫斯科\n出版年：1960年\n页数：227页 \n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70018440\n
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《苏联玉米害虫手册》的数据信息，未改动删减。\n
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-06-02 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-06-02 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 34002870, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "863a822c-c056-4ad6-a022-05d6224ddb58.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "180.54" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-21 17:30:09", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-21 17:30:09", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.01594", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20250602601(XJLASRU70018440).pdf", "size": 34002870, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Soviet Corn Pests Handbook", "ds_abstract": "Maize, as the principal fodder crop of the Soviet Union, is universally recognized for its enormous importance to agricultural production. The September Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1953 not only led to a sharp expansion of maize cultivation in its traditional growing regions but also resulted in the introduction of this crop into nearly all areas of intensive agriculture throughout the USSR. All of this, and especially the latter development, required entomologists to devote particular attention to the protection of maize yields. In addition to factors affecting the successful preservation of maize silage and grain harvests, there exists another major adverse factor: the damage caused by insects, the pests of this highly valuable crop, particularly in the more northern cultivation zones that have been developed in recent years. The prospects for further expansion of maize acreage and increased yields in the non-chernozem regions of the Soviet Union make it essential to take pest damage into serious consideration. Without properly organized pest control, insects may become, and in some areas have already become, a major obstacle to achieving high crop yields. For this reason, the authors consider the publication of a handbook on maize pests in the USSR both timely and highly necessary, since a substantial body of information has now accumulated concerning the species composition, distribution, and harmfulness of maize pests.\r\n\r\nThe organization of this handbook follows the principles adopted in previously published Soviet works of the same type. Its distinguishing feature, however, is the greater completeness of the information presented on pests. For the more important species, data are provided on life history, feeding relationships, characteristics of damage, and geographical distribution; wherever possible, the regions in which a given pest causes the greatest damage are also indicated. In addition, an introductory essay precedes the main text, briefly outlining the overall significance of maize pests in different cultivation zones, and a table is included to facilitate the identification of damage symptoms that are difficult to distinguish.\r\n\r\nRecommended control measures are not listed separately for each species in the main text, because Soviet practice primarily relies on integrated systems of measures directed against complexes of pests rather than against individual species. Accordingly, the handbook contains a special section entitled “Basic Principles of Maize Pest Protection as a Foundation for Developing Regional Systems of Control Measures,” which is devoted specifically to this issue. Relevant information can also generally be found in the references cited for each species.\r\n\r\nIn preparing the handbook, some unevenness in the treatment of different insect groups was unavoidable. This is due to differences in the extent to which the various groups have been studied, as well as substantial differences in both the quantity and character of the available literature. For certain groups, such as grasshoppers and Lepidoptera, extensive literature is available, usually providing the necessary information on the biology, harmfulness, and distribution of the species most important to maize. For other groups, however, or for certain families within otherwise well-studied groups, the literature is extremely limited and may consist only of records indicating that the species has been observed on this crop.\r\n\r\nTo reduce the size of the bibliography for each species, works already included in the Catalogue of Pests published in 1932 by the All-Union Institute of Plant Protection are not repeated here; instead, only the relevant page references in the catalogue are given. In the case of Lepidoptera, because of the large volume of literature associated with each species, works already cited in the Forest Pests handbook published in 1955 by the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR are likewise not repeated. Most publications and reviews cited in the bibliographies of individual species are referred to in abbreviated form. No complete list is provided for the first category of abbreviations, whereas an appropriate list is supplied for the second category. The order of citation follows that adopted in the Forest Pests handbook.\r\n\r\nThe arrangement of insect groups in this handbook follows the same pattern as in previous publications of this type: taxa are presented in descending systematic order, while families and genera are arranged in ascending order, and species within each genus are listed alphabetically.\r\n\r\nThe selection of species included in the handbook is based on records found in published literature or in unpublished materials.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): Expand.И. Kuznetsov.В. Arnoli,.П. Narchuk, А.А. Stakliberg, ê.Л. Gureieva, I.М. Krzhenier, А.Ф. Yemelyanov, 丨.Х. Shaposhnikov, Un.С. Borzinzius, Un.Н. Derbeneva, 丨.Л. MishchenkoИ.Кузнецов, Л.В.Арнольди, Э.П.Нарчук, А.А.Штакельберг, Е.Л.Гурьева, И.М.Керженер, А.Ф.Емельянов, Г.Х.Шапошников, Н.С.Борзенциус, Н.Н.Дербенева, Л.Л.Мищенко）\r\nPublished by: 丨 з д а т е л ь с т в о А к а д е м и н а у к С С С С С С Р\r\nPublished: Moscow\r\nPublication year: 1960\r\nPages: 227 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70018440\r\n
", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", fully complying with the data information of the \"Soviet Corn Pests Manual\" without modification or deletion.\r\n
", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Soviet Corn Pests Manual\" was processed electronically. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", the data information of the \"Soviet Corn Pests Manual\" was not changed and deleted., and the data quality is reliable.\r\n
", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "昆虫学", "玉米害虫" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "昆虫学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "苏联" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1960 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }