目前，已确定干旱地区植物覆盖的多样性以及北图兰沙漠植物区系组成的独特性。然而，仍有许多植物组合、植物群落未被描述，科学家们不断发现新的有趣类型。其中，尤其鲜为人知的是一年生猪毛菜群落。З.В.库班斯卡娅在《哈萨克斯坦猪毛菜沙漠》一书中，对沙漠植被的45个群系和183个植物群落进行了新的描述，其中许多是首次被描述。而这一点尤为重要，因为我国自然植物资源的开发过程，正是在对其进一步科学研究的基础上，并在强制保护的条件下持续进行的。沙漠的自然资源尚未枯竭，持续进行的生物资源清查为综合开发开辟了新的前景，结果可能发现新的具有经济价值的组合对象，包括饲料、牧场和割草场植物种类，以及工业原料和药用原料。\n作者的目的——是收集和阐述关于哈萨克斯坦北图兰沙漠一年生猪毛菜群系的详尽具体材料，及其在国民经济，首先是畜牧业中可能的应用。\n此外，本研究阐述的地植物学和生态地理学材料，对于了解苏联沙漠植物覆盖的总体特征具有价值：作为最全面的实际资料，它们无疑将作为研究许多沙漠植物种类的生态学和生态形态学时的宝贵参考书；对于牧场经营者和植物改良学家——这是一份关于饲料价值的总结，一份关于草群季节性利用和前景饲料种类比例以创建和改良优势种牧场植物群落的指南。这些材料还可以成功地被景观学家、生态学家、土壤学家、地植物学家用于\n构建景观动态图式、预测植被覆盖发展、三角洲草甸-盐土景观、滨海盐土、龟裂型沙漠的整体动态，在绘制许多沙漠群系及藜科个别物种分布图，以及重建景观和植被图时。毫无疑问，本书将在自然保护事业中发挥作用，因为书中描述的许多稀有藜科特有物种并非孤立存在，而是以必须在其内加以保护的植物群落形式出现，同时描述了需要保护的稀有、独特的景观。\n本书的主要部分由 З.В.库班斯卡娅多年（1928—1978年）考察研究的资料构成。她参与撰写的关于别特帕克达拉草原、卡拉干达工业区、哈萨克斯坦中部和沙漠地区的知名著作，与她的名字紧密相连。\n季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜·库班斯卡娅（1908—1978年）——著名地植物学家、植物地理学家、生物学副博士，1942年加入苏共，哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院植物研究所资深研究员，哈萨克斯坦植物科学组织者。\nЗ.В.库班斯卡娅于1908年10月11日出生在克拉斯诺达尔边疆区斯拉维扬区旧下捷伊什科夫斯卡亚镇。\nЗ.В.库班斯卡娅的科学生涯与哈萨克斯坦密不可分。1931年从克拉斯诺达尔市库班师范学院毕业后，季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜曾担任教师，随后于1934年来到阿拉木图，在苏联科学院哈萨克分院植物学部（该部成立后不久）任职。\n在 М.Г.波波夫领导的考察队中，З.В.库班斯卡娅展现了她作为哈萨克斯坦植物区系不知疲倦的研究者的才华。她积极参与了共和国植物标本馆的组建工作，并为之做出了重要贡献。这一点在以她名字命名的物种 Eremopyrum kubanicum 中得到了体现。\n此后，季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜成为知名的沙漠植被专家和研究所主要的地植物学家之一。她参与了哈萨克斯坦首批饲料地图的编制，并开展了卡拉干达州附属农场和工业区自然饲料资源调查的地植物学工作。\n对别特帕克达拉沙漠植被和饲料资源的多年研究最为卓有成效。以此为主题的专著中，作者最全面且创新性地阐述了关于这一广阔而独特的北方沙漠的植物地理学、自然区划、植物区系和经济意义的一系列问题。\n图兰。植被群系组成的描述和极其详尽的地植物学地图尤为宝贵。此外，作者确定了沙漠带植被的空间更替，证实了 Е.П.科罗温的观点，即别特帕克达拉是一种特殊的、独特的沙漠。作者的植物区系研究也具有重大价值。别特帕克达拉考察的结果，在专著和多卷生产报告中得到总结，并被应用于农业实践以及共和国畜牧场规划中。\n1950—1952年间，З.В.库班斯卡娅是里海综合考察队的成员，该队的资料构成了古里耶夫州和西哈萨克斯坦州地植物学与饲料地图的基础。1953年，在 З.В.库班斯卡娅的领导下，开展了卡拉干达州牧场和割草场植被的研究与制图工作。自1956年起，开始从植被分类、描述群系及其在黏土、盐土和碎石沙漠范围内的经济意义的角度，确定哈萨克斯坦沙漠植被覆盖的研究。\n这些研究的结果发表在以下著作中：《别特帕克达拉沙漠的螺旋刺蓬群系》、《东南哈萨克斯坦的木本猪毛菜群系》以及其他描述罕见、首次研究的艾比湖群系的著作。\n季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜始终将地植物学研究的目的与解决对哈萨克斯坦农业发展具有现实意义的一系列实际问题相结合。例如，1965年，在她领导下完成了对巴甫洛达尔州国营谷物农场进行考察的大型制图工作，该工作随后成为该州饲料地图的基础。在汇总沙漠带大量制图资料以编制1:1,000,000和1:2,500,000比例尺的哈萨克斯坦植被地图时，进行了大量的科研工作。\n作为我国主要的地植物学家之一，З.В.库班斯卡娅将她所有的力量和知识都奉献给了她所热爱的事业——研究哈萨克斯坦的植被和植物区系，她为此付出了40多年的生命。直到生命的最后几天，她仍在撰写关于沙漠群系一书的书稿，几乎完成了这项浩瀚的工作。З.В.库班斯卡娅共发表了25篇文章和一部重要的专著。\n作为卓越的组织者，З.В.库班斯卡娅多次领导哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院植物研究所重大课题的研究、植物学考察队的工作，并担任地植物学部主任。她曾在共和国和全苏会议上就沙漠自然和植被发表演讲和报告，向外国专家讲授课程。\n季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜始终将科学活动与社会工作相结合。多年来，她当选为《自然》墙报的责任编辑、全苏植物学会哈萨克斯坦分会的学术秘书，并出色地完成了研究所党委会的各项任务。\n由于社会工作和生产工作，季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜被授予\"突击手\"称号（1937-1938年）。1951年，她因工作出色被授予\"劳动英勇\"奖章，她的名字被载入哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院荣誉榜。\n我们，季娜伊达·维克托罗夫娜·库班斯卡娅的学生、同事和朋友们，永远铭记她是一位优秀的教师、目标坚定、有原则的科学家，一位极富同情心和善良的人。\nЗ.В.库班斯卡娅的最后一项工作致力于研究一年生猪毛菜群系。这是地植物学文献中因其生态学地位而很少讨论的植被：它常常是隐域性的，具有临时和过渡性质，或是地带性半灌木群落的杂草类型。\n专著中首次详细描述了稀有特有物种的植物群落，例如 Alexandra lehmanni、Atriplex pungens、Climacoptera kasakorum。与此相关，对沙漠中的人类活动影响——牧场集约化利用、从灌溉角度开发新的沙漠土地、预测撂荒地植被恢复、植被恢复及其改良等——给予了极大重视。例如，在创建农业植物群落时，作者建议确定恢复自然植被覆盖结构、物种关联性的最初阶段。从这个意义上说，可以利用书中描述的植物群落，确定不同生态背景下一年生盐生植物及其与多年生植物可能的组合。\n对于不同生态类型的沙漠，尤其是黏土和盐土沙漠，非常常见的不是一年生猪毛菜的植物群落，而是其在蒿类、假木贼、琵琶柴、梭梭、盐生草群落中的层片和微植物群落。它们可以分类为残留的、波动性的（秋季的）、林下层的、放牧干扰的、盐水成因的、杂草-次生的等等。一年生藜科植物常常是原生群落（如角果藜、隆德藜、钠猪毛菜等）或隐域性草甸-沙漠及草甸-河漫滩森林群落（如盐生假木贼、猪毛菜、盐节木、猪毛菜属植物）下层优势种。\n这些物种在群落中的多度、分布和植物区系组成使其可作为揭示植被生态学和演替、预测其变化的指示植物。\n本书为大多数群系提供了所有描述的具体植物群落的物种名录及其多度。首先，这是极有价值的实际资料，可作为进一步分析的对象。其次，这是一份证明植物群落存在时间、地点及其植物区系组成的文件。第三，这是一种独特的\"植物群落档案\"，在牧场、沙漠快速开发及其自然性质变化的条件下，对工作者尤为必要（完整的稀有物种群系会消失，而不留下其存在的证据）。最后，第四，名录附有植物群落生境和位置索引，这使得绘制所述群系分布图成为可能。\n基于物种生活型的考虑，对群落名称进行修订是可能的，在某些情况下甚至是必要的。像梭梭、盐生假木贼、猪毛菜属、猪毛菜这样的\"纯\"群落中，包含了灌木（如梭梭属、黄芪属、柽柳属）占有重要地位且多度为\"sol-sp\"、\"sp\"的植物群落。或许更正确地应将其视为过去，也可能是未来植被主要构建者——其持久和多年生环节的优势种，而一年生植物——是其暂时且寿命较短的组成要素。\n植物拉丁文和哈萨克文名称依据《哈萨克斯坦植物志》给出：在复杂的植物组合名称末尾提及了优势种。\n因此，З.В.库班斯卡娅这部身后出版的著作，将成为专家们（如饲料专家、植物改良学家、资源专家、生态学家等）宝贵的参考书。这是其理论和应用价值所在。\n我怀着深深的感激之情，愉快地指出，在准备手稿出版过程中，哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院植物研究所的工作人员给予了巨大帮助：生物学副博士 Р.П.普利萨克、Г.А.拜戈佐娃、Н.Г.基尔吉琴科、Е.Ф.斯捷潘诺娃、А.马拉伊巴罗娃、Л.斯托戈娃、Г.比扎诺娃、Л.И.奥斯特洛夫斯卡娅、Л.扬加利切娃、Г.阿利亚巴耶娃、Н.杰季亚列娃、Н.萨莫诺娃、С.阿尔费耶娃、Г.斯拉沃娃、К.Н.卡里巴耶娃，以及哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国科学院植物研究所植被生态学实验室和地植物学部的全体人员。
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：3. В. КУБАНСКАЯ\n出版社：Издательство «Наука» Казахской ССР\n出版地：阿拉木图\n出版年：1980年\n页数：206页\n语种：俄文\n分类号：УДК 581.525\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70020529
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 85421149, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "5b81ebd3-80d6-465e-95b3-c29c4d85eb7b.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "180.51" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-11 19:21:51", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-24 13:16:55", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02297", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "202508040001（XJLASRU70020529）双层.pdf", "size": 85421149, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "The salt deserts of Kazakhstan", "ds_abstract": "At present, the diversity of vegetation cover in arid regions and the uniqueness of the floristic composition of the Northern Turanian deserts have been established. Nevertheless, many plant assemblages and plant communities remain undescribed, and scientists continue to discover new and interesting types. Among the least known are communities of annual saltworts. In her book Saltwort Deserts of Kazakhstan, Z. V. Kubanskaya provided new descriptions of 45 desert vegetation formations and 183 plant communities, many of which were described for the first time. This is particularly important because the development of our country's natural plant resources continues on the basis of further scientific investigation and under conditions of mandatory conservation. The natural resources of the deserts are far from exhausted, and ongoing biological resource inventories open new prospects for integrated utilization, potentially leading to the discovery of new economically valuable resources, including forage plants, pasture and hayfield species, as well as sources of industrial and medicinal raw materials.\r\n\r\nThe author's objective was to collect and present detailed factual material on the communities of annual saltworts in the Northern Turanian deserts of Kazakhstan and their possible applications in the national economy, particularly in animal husbandry.\r\n\r\nIn addition, the geobotanical and ecological-geographical materials presented in this study are valuable for understanding the overall characteristics of desert vegetation in the Soviet Union. As one of the most comprehensive collections of empirical data available, they will undoubtedly serve as an important reference for studies of the ecology and ecomorphology of many desert plant species. For pasture managers and vegetation-improvement specialists, the work provides a summary of forage values and a guide to the seasonal use of grass stands and the proportion of promising forage species in creating and improving pasture communities dominated by valuable species. These materials may also be used successfully by landscape scientists, ecologists, soil scientists, and geobotanists for constructing models of landscape dynamics, forecasting vegetation development, studying the overall dynamics of deltaic meadow-solonchak landscapes, coastal saline habitats, and polygonal deserts, mapping various desert formations and individual Chenopodiaceae species, and reconstructing landscape and vegetation maps.\r\n\r\nThere is little doubt that this book will contribute to nature conservation, since many of the rare endemic Chenopodiaceae species described in it do not occur in isolation but as components of plant communities that must themselves be protected. The book also documents rare and unique landscapes deserving conservation measures.\r\n\r\nThe main body of the work is based on materials collected during many years of field investigations conducted by Z. V. Kubanskaya between 1928 and 1978. Her name is closely associated with well-known publications on the Betpak-Dala steppe, the Karaganda industrial region, central Kazakhstan, and the desert regions of the republic.\r\n\r\nZinaida Viktorovna Kubanskaya (1908–1978) was a distinguished geobotanist, plant geographer, Candidate of Biological Sciences, member of the Communist Party since 1942, senior researcher at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, and one of the organizers of botanical science in Kazakhstan.\r\n\r\nZ. V. Kubanskaya was born on October 11, 1908, in the village of Staro-Nizhne-Tishkovskaya, Slavyansk District, Krasnodar Territory.\r\n\r\nKubanskaya's scientific career was inseparably linked with Kazakhstan. After graduating in 1931 from the Kuban Pedagogical Institute in Krasnodar, she worked as a teacher before moving to Alma-Ata in 1934, where she joined the Department of Botany of the Kazakh Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR shortly after its establishment.\r\n\r\nDuring expeditions led by M. G. Popov, Kubanskaya demonstrated her talent as a tireless investigator of Kazakhstan's flora. She actively participated in the creation of the republic's herbarium collections and made significant contributions to their development. This contribution is commemorated in the species Eremopyrum kubanicum, named in her honor.\r\n\r\nSubsequently, Zinaida Viktorovna became one of the leading specialists on desert vegetation and one of the institute's principal geobotanists. She participated in the preparation of the first forage maps of Kazakhstan and carried out geobotanical studies of natural forage resources in the subsidiary farms and industrial districts of Karaganda Oblast.\r\n\r\nHer most productive work was devoted to the vegetation and forage resources of the Betpak-Dala Desert. In the monograph dedicated to this subject, the author presented the most comprehensive and innovative treatment of the plant geography, natural regionalization, flora, and economic significance of this vast and distinctive northern Turanian desert. Particularly valuable were the descriptions of vegetation formations and the exceptionally detailed geobotanical maps. In addition, she identified the spatial succession of desert vegetation and confirmed the view of E. P. Korovin that Betpak-Dala constitutes a distinct and unique desert type. Her floristic investigations were also of major significance. The results of the Betpak-Dala expeditions were summarized in monographs and multi-volume technical reports and were subsequently applied in agricultural practice and the planning of livestock production throughout the republic.\r\n\r\nBetween 1950 and 1952, Kubanskaya was a member of the Caspian Integrated Expedition, whose materials formed the basis of geobotanical and forage maps of Guryev Oblast and West Kazakhstan Oblast. In 1953, under her leadership, research and mapping of pasture and hayfield vegetation in Karaganda Oblast were undertaken. Beginning in 1956, systematic studies of the desert vegetation cover of Kazakhstan were initiated, with emphasis on vegetation classification, the description of formations, and their economic significance within clay, saline, and stony deserts.\r\n\r\nThe results of these investigations were published in such works as The Salsola Formation of the Betpak-Dala Desert, The Woody Saltwort Formation of Southeastern Kazakhstan, and other studies describing rare and previously uninvestigated vegetation formations of the Alakol region.\r\n\r\nZinaida Viktorovna consistently linked the goals of geobotanical research with the solution of practical problems important to the agricultural development of Kazakhstan. For example, in 1965 she directed a major mapping project based on surveys of state grain farms in Pavlodar Oblast, which subsequently became the foundation of the oblast's forage map. Extensive scientific work was also carried out in compiling vegetation maps of Kazakhstan at scales of 1:1,000,000 and 1:2,500,000 based on the large quantity of cartographic materials gathered from desert regions.\r\n\r\nAs one of the country's leading geobotanists, Kubanskaya devoted all of her energy, knowledge, and more than forty years of her life to the study of Kazakhstan's vegetation and flora. Even during the final days of her life, she continued working on the manuscript of a book devoted to desert formations and had nearly completed this monumental task. In total, she published twenty-five articles and one major monograph.\r\n\r\nAs an outstanding organizer, Kubanskaya repeatedly directed major research programs at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, led botanical expeditions, and served as head of the Geobotany Department. She delivered lectures and reports on desert environments and vegetation at republican and all-Union conferences and taught courses to foreign specialists.\r\n\r\nThroughout her life, Zinaida Viktorovna combined scientific activity with public service. For many years she served as editor-in-chief of the wall newspaper Nature, academic secretary of the Kazakhstan Branch of the All-Union Botanical Society, and successfully carried out numerous responsibilities assigned by the institute's Party committee.\r\n\r\nIn recognition of her public and professional contributions, she was awarded the title of \"Shock Worker\" in 1937–1938. In 1951 she received the Medal for Labor Valor, and her name was entered on the Honor Roll of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR.\r\n\r\nWe, the students, colleagues, and friends of Zinaida Viktorovna Kubanskaya, will always remember her as an excellent teacher, a principled and determined scientist, and a deeply sympathetic and kind person.\r\n\r\nKubanskaya's final work was devoted to the study of annual saltwort communities. Because of their ecological position, this vegetation type has received relatively little attention in the geobotanical literature. It is often intrazonal in character, temporary and transitional in nature, or represented as weedy variants within zonal semi-shrub communities.\r\n\r\nThe monograph provides, for the first time, detailed descriptions of plant communities containing rare endemic species such as Alexandra lehmanni, Atriplex pungens, and Climacoptera kasakorum. Particular attention is also given to the effects of human activity in desert environments, including intensive pasture utilization, the development of new desert lands for irrigation, prediction of vegetation recovery on abandoned lands, and vegetation restoration and improvement. For example, in creating agricultural plant communities, the author recommends identifying the initial stages in the restoration of natural vegetation structure and species associations. In this respect, the communities described in the book can be used to determine possible combinations of annual halophytes and perennial species under different ecological conditions.\r\n\r\nIn many ecological types of desert, especially clay and saline deserts, communities composed solely of annual saltworts are less common than their occurrence as layers or microcommunities within wormwood, Anabasis, Nanophyton, saxaul, and halophytic grass communities. Such communities may be classified as relict, fluctuation-induced (autumnal), understory, grazing-disturbed, saline-water-related, secondary weedy, and other types. Annual Chenopodiaceae species often form the dominant lower layer in indigenous communities, such as those of Ceratocarpus, Londesia, and sodium-loving saltworts, or in intrazonal meadow-desert and meadow-floodplain forest communities characterized by species such as Anabasis salsa, Salsola, Halostachys, and related genera.\r\n\r\nThe abundance, distribution, and floristic composition of these species within communities make them useful indicator plants for revealing ecological relationships and successional trends in vegetation and for predicting future vegetation changes.\r\n\r\nFor most formations, the book provides complete species lists and abundance estimates for all described plant communities. First, these constitute highly valuable factual material suitable for further analysis. Second, they serve as documentary evidence of the existence, location, and floristic composition of specific plant communities. Third, they represent a unique \"archive of plant communities,\" especially important under conditions of intensive pasture use, rapid desert development, and environmental change, when entire communities containing rare species may disappear without leaving any evidence of their former existence. Finally, the lists are accompanied by habitat and locality indexes, making it possible to prepare distribution maps of the formations described.\r\n\r\nFrom the perspective of plant life forms, revision of some community names is both possible and, in certain cases, necessary. So-called \"pure\" communities of saxaul, Anabasis, and Salsola often contain shrubs such as species of Haloxylon, Astragalus, and Tamarix, which occupy an important position and occur with abundance ratings of \"sol-sp\" or \"sp.\" It may therefore be more appropriate to regard these shrubs as the principal structural elements of the vegetation, both historically and potentially in the future, while annual species represent only a temporary and short-lived component.\r\n\r\nThe Latin and Kazakh plant names are given according to the Flora of Kazakhstan; in the names of complex plant assemblages, the dominant species is indicated at the end.\r\n\r\nThus, this posthumously published work by Z. V. Kubanskaya will become a valuable reference source for specialists such as forage experts, range-improvement scientists, natural-resource managers, and ecologists. Its importance lies in both its theoretical and practical value.\r\n\r\nWith deep gratitude, I would like to acknowledge the substantial assistance provided during the preparation of the manuscript for publication by the staff of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR: R. P. Plisak, G. A. Baigozova, N. G. Kirgichenko, E. F. Stepanova, A. Malaybarova, L. Stogova, G. Bizanova, L. I. Ostrovskaya, L. Yangalicheva, G. Aliyabayeva, N. Dedyareva, N. Samonova, S. Alfeyeva, G. Slavova, K. N. Karibayeva, as well as all personnel of the Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology and the Department of Geobotany of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): 3.В.КУБАНСКАЯ\r\nPublished by: А зда тельс тво «Наук а» К а з а в Р с к ой С С С\r\nPublished: Almaty\r\nPublication year: 1980\r\nPages: 206 pages\r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nClassification No.: У п К 581.525\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70020529", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Library Collection Resources Digital Processing Specifications\", which fully complies with the data information of \"Salt Desert of Kazakhstan\" without modification or deletion.", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Salt Desert of Kazakhstan\" was electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources,\" the data information of \"Salt Desert of Kazakhstan\" was not changed and deleted, and the data quality was reliable.", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "牧场利用", "盐蓬荒漠" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "植物学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1980 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }