荒漠化问题的组成部分之一是与流动沙丘作斗争。流动沙丘掩埋灌溉地和旱地、居民点、渠道、铁路和公路及建筑物，给居民造成巨大损失并扰乱生产秩序。\n根据联合国环境规划署（UNEP）的数据，全球受荒漠化影响的土地总面积为4830万平方公里（占陆地面积的36.3%）。\n世界上的沙质荒漠面积——即流动沙丘的源头——约占真正荒漠总面积1401万平方公里的三分之一到二分之一。\n在苏联，沙地面积约100万平方公里，即超过其领土面积的4%。流动沙丘占沙地总面积的12-15%。仅土库曼苏维埃社会主义共和国的沙地面积就约为25.7万平方公里，其中流动和半流动沙丘为4万平方公里。这些沙地包括吉利库姆、滨海沙地、外乌兹博伊东北边缘、亚斯汗地块、穆尔加布河沿岸沙地的个别地段等。流动沙丘在乌兹别克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦和伏尔加河下游也有分布。\n沙质荒漠中的流动沙丘通常被认为是风成作用的结果，由风速大、降水量少、植被稀疏以及疏松的第四纪沉积物广泛分布所决定。沙质荒漠景观的脆弱性和不稳定性是其典型特征。流动沙丘是动态的地形形态，其移动取决于主导风的风向和风力以及粒度组成。\n目前，当对荒漠自然财富进行密集的工业和农业开发开始时，在许多地区观察到这一过程动态平衡的破坏，沙子的吹蚀开始超过植被固定和发展过程。固定的地形形态被典型的流动形态所取代。随着时间的推移，具有相对发达的植被覆盖（固定着沙地和砂壤土表层）的荒漠、半荒漠和干旱草原的原始景观逐渐转变为流动沙丘景观。\n
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：А.Г.巴巴耶夫（А.Г. Бабаев）\n出版社：Центр международных проектов ГКНТ\n出版地：莫斯科\n出版年：1986年\n页数：150页 \n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：65004 RB 1000724\n
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《流动沙丘固定原则与方法》的数据信息，未改动删减。\n
", "ds_quality": "对收集到的《流动沙丘固定原则与方法》进行电子化加工处理，按照国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》要求，未改动删减《流动沙丘固定原则与方法》的数据信息，数据质量可靠。\n
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-10-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-10-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 7297942, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "1198df41-b126-4299-9a5c-b9621e60ef64.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "610" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-17 18:03:26", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-22 18:32:31", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.01955", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20251031004(65004RB1000724).pdf", "size": 7297942, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Principles and methods for fixing moving sand dune", "ds_abstract": "One of the components of the desertification problem is the struggle against mobile sand dunes. Mobile dunes bury irrigated and rainfed agricultural lands, settlements, canals, railways, highways, and buildings, causing substantial losses to local populations and disrupting economic activity.\r\n\r\nAccording to data from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the total area of land affected by desertification worldwide amounts to 48.3 million square kilometers, representing 36.3% of the Earth's land surface.\r\n\r\nThe world's sandy deserts, which serve as the source areas of mobile dunes, account for approximately one-third to one-half of the total area of true deserts, estimated at 14.01 million square kilometers.\r\n\r\nIn the Soviet Union, sandy lands covered approximately 1 million square kilometers, or more than 4% of the country's territory. Mobile dunes constituted 12-15% of the total sandy area. In the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic alone, sandy lands occupied about 257,000 square kilometers, of which 40,000 square kilometers consisted of mobile and semi-mobile dunes. These sandy regions included the Karakum sands, coastal sands, the northeastern margin of the Uzboy region, the Yaskhan massif, and certain sandy tracts along the Murghab River, among others. Mobile dunes were also found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and the lower Volga region.\r\n\r\nMobile dunes within sandy deserts are generally regarded as products of aeolian activity, resulting from high wind velocities, low precipitation, sparse vegetation cover, and the widespread occurrence of unconsolidated Quaternary deposits. Fragility and instability are characteristic features of sandy-desert landscapes. Mobile dunes are dynamic landforms whose movement depends on the direction and strength of prevailing winds as well as on sediment grain-size composition.\r\n\r\nAt present, with the growing intensity of industrial and agricultural exploitation of desert resources, disruption of the dynamic equilibrium of these environments has been observed in many areas. Wind erosion of sand has begun to exceed the processes of vegetation establishment and stabilization. Stable landforms are gradually being replaced by typical mobile forms. Over time, the original landscapes of deserts, semi-deserts, and arid steppes, which possess relatively developed vegetation cover that stabilizes the surface layers of sand and sandy loam, are progressively transformed into landscapes dominated by mobile sand dunes.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): А.Г. Babayev (А.Г.Бабаев）\r\nPublished by: е н т р ме дунар о д ны л пр о е к т ов Г с к т о г к т о в г к о с к т г к о р с к о р о с к о в о с к и й р о с т н т р о с к и й р о с к а р о с т о в о с к т о с т о в о с к о в о с т о с к о с т г о с т о с к о с т о в о с к о с т с к о в о с т о с к о с т о с к о с т с к о с т о с к о с т о с т\r\nPublished: Moscow\r\nPublication year: 1986\r\nPages: 150 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nCollection barcode: 65004 RB 1000724\r\n
", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of \"Principles and Methods for Fixing Mobile Sand Dunes\" without modification or deletion.\r\n
", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Principles and Methods for Fixing Mobile Dunes\" were electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2 - 2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", the \"Principles and Methods for Fixing Mobile Dunes\" were not changed and deleted. Data information, data quality is reliable.\r\n
", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "半荒漠", "干旱草原", "景观", "沙质荒漠", "沙丘" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "环境科学技术" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "苏联" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1986 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }